مادة الكيمياء لأول مره

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
الحمدلله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين

حل امتحانات الكيمياء الغير عضوية لأول مرة
لطلاب الفرقة الاعدادية



$ Quntum number:
is the detection the state of electrone in atom. while state is consist of the position and direction. the position is consist of principle Qu.No. ,secondary Qu.nu. and magnetic number.
$ secondary Quntum numbe:
it detection the subshell and have the value ,where L=0 to n-1
$ cathod ray:
هى من أهم الاكتشافات التى ادت الى اكتشاف الالكترونات فهى عباره عن جسيمات وتحمل شحنه سالبه
$Industrial method for preparation of hydrogen?
1-in Bosch process steam is passed over white hot coke watergas c+H2O=====CO+H2
andoxide catalyst at300* to product more hydrogen co+h2+h2o--fe2o3\300*--co2+2h2o
2-producting of hydrogen include the catalytic oxidation of methane by oxygen or steam.
cH4+H2o==Ni\900==CO+3H2
2CH4+O2======2CO+4H2
$The differrent types of Hydrogen?
1-the hydride ion H- ,electronic structure 1S2 ,presentin the dry ionic hydrides NaH&CaH2 but decomposed rapidly by water . H-+H2o____oH-+H2
2-the hydrogen ion H+ or free protone.this small ion,with its high charg density,rapidly hydrater in water producting the hydroxonium ion. Hcl+H2o=====H3o+Hcl

$Discuss of properties of elements on periodic tabel that metalic &non metalic?
جيدة التوصيل للحراره والكهرباء-قوى التجاذب بيتها قويه-مواد صلبه- المسافات البينيه صغيره- تفقد الالكترونات- تزداد كلما اتجهنا من يسار الجدول الى يمينه ومن
ادناه الى اعلاه.
بينما اللافلزات عكس هذه الصفات
$Discuss of the position of hydrogen in periodic tabel?
يوجد الهيدروجين فوق المجموعه الاولى &السابعه._يتشبه بالفلزات ويفقد الكترونات المدار الاخير ويتحول الى
H+
_يتشبه باللافلزات ويكتسب الكترونات يكمل مداره الاخير متشبها بأقرب غازخامل وهو الهيليوم_يتفاعل مع الفلزات كانه لا فلز.

$Using the chemical equation.compar between the reaction of groups 1A&2A elements with O2,halogen,water,N2&dilut acid?
1-first 1A
#4M+O2______2M2O
#6M+N2______2M3N
#2M+H2_______2MH
#2M+2H2O______2MOH+H2+E
#2M+2H+______2M+H2+E
#2M+CL2_______2MCL
2-secondary 2A
#2M+O2_____2MO
#3M+N2_____M3N2
#M+2H2O_____M[OH]2+H2
#M+2H+_____M+2+H2
#M+CL2_____MCL2

$Write on product of sodium carbonat?
#2NaHCO3_____Na2CO3+H2O+CO2
from bicarbonat which that vacuum-filtered.the carbon dioxide produced being used once again to saturate the brine.

$Discribe three methods for the laboratory prepration of hydrogen?
1-the addition of electrons to water 2H2o+2e____2oH+H2
2-the action of dilute acids on electropositive metals. zn+2H+____zn+++H2
3-Ionic hydrides on water. CaH2+2H2O___Ca[oH]2+2H2

$Mintion the uses of hydrogen?
1-the oxyhydrogen and atomic hydrogen torch
2-hydrogenation,to convert of vegatableand fish to solid.
3-the conversion of coal dust to petroleum hydrocarbons for use fuel.
4-the synthesis of ammonia.
5-the synthetice production of methanol.

$Describe two industrial method to preparation of NaOH ؟
1-the Sodium amalgam flows out and is reacted with water.
2NaHg+2H2O___2NaoH+2Hg+H2

$What are modification forms of hydrogen?
1-ortho hydrogen with the protons spinning in the same direction.
2-para hydrogen with the protons spinning in opposite direction.

$Minition of names the elements of haloggen,indicating one method for preparation of fluorine&hydro fluric acid?
the names the elements of halogen is[F,CL,Br,I]
1- preparation of fluorin. NaF+HF____NaHF2
2-prepration of hydro fluoric acid. KHF2---heat----KF+HF